Mammon
In KJV the word occurs 3 times in Lukas 16 and once in Matthew 6.
Per the Encyclopedia of religion and Ethics:
The word is not Greek, nor is it found in the Hebrew Bible. Rather, it is a Hellenized form of the Aramaic אמן (Strongs H539), which means "money / riches / worldly goods". Wyclif and Purvey translated the word by "riches", but Tindal followed the Vulgate in transliterating the word, and so did all later English versions, except Geneva.
In order to understand the meaning of the word, one would thus need to find the source thereof (since it is nog Greek) and then understand the context of that language in order to actually understand the meaning thereof. This is what they refer to as the "root word".
Exactly this "root word" is what scholars are divided on.
J Drusins (quoted in J. Buxtorf, Lexicon Chaldaicium, 1640, Basel) and Dalman (PRE xii. 153) derive the word from אמן which would mean "that on which man trusts" or, as Dalman prefers, "that which brings man into saftey"
Jastrow (Talmud Dictionary p794) - that which one accumulates
Levy (Neuhebräisches und chaldäisches Wörterbuch) - to distribute
Gesenius (Thesaurus linguae Hebreae et Chaldeae) - "hide", "that which one hides or treasures". Gen43:23, Job3:21, Pr 2:4, Is45:3, Jer41:8)
Separately from the "root" where meaning to the word can be derived from, there is off course also the fact that it is actively used in other writings. Since the word is also not Greek, would it not make sense that in order to understand the meaning thereof, to look for the use of this word in the native language where it originated from and understand the context of the word where it is used there and obtain the meaning to it this way?
From Trade - The trade world before the time of Alexander, hand long been in the hands of Phoenicians and Arameans, and we have evidence that in both languages, "mamon" was the word for "money". As to the former, it occurs on Phoenician inscriptions on tombstones; and Augustine, in two passages states that the Punie word for lucrum (wealth) is "mammona". It's Aramaic usage is also abundantly attested.
Jerome (Exp cxxi. 6) affirms - "Non Hebraeorum sed Syrorum lingua, mammona divitiae nuncupantur". In English this is, In the language of the Syrians, not the Hebrews, they refer to wealth as "mammon"
The Aramaic Targums (these are translations of the Hebrew writings into Aramaic), contain the word more often, for example in Pr3:9 Honor Yahuah with thy mamon; Is55:1 O ye that wish to learn...come and learn without the price and without mammon; Jg5:19 They accepted no mamon of silver; Exo18:21 the ideal judges are those who hat ethe receiving of mamon.
In the Aramaic sections of the Palestine Talmud the same story is told twice (Nazir, v.3; Berakhoth, vii. 2) of 300 poor Nazirites who came for purification. R Simeon asked King Jannaens to give half the cost, but it turned out that the king paid all